Accurately performing pharmaceutical calculations is a critical component in providing patient care in every pharmacy practice environment. This course explores the various methods used to perform pharmaceutical calculations required for the usual dosage determinations and solution preparation. This course is an introduction to pharmaceutical prescriptions, the basic technique of calculating, weighing and measuring the ingredients involved in the formulations of various dosage forms. In addition, it provides knowledge in systems of weights and measures, Latin terms, reducing and enlarging formulas, ratio and proportions, various expressions of concentration, intravenous flow rates and dilution factors. Emphasis will also be placed on the skills involved in interpreting prescription and medication orders, and also identifying prescription errors and omissions. Lecture one hour per week with a problem-solving workshop one hour per week. [ 2 credits ]

This is the first of a two-semester course sequence designed to teach students the basic principles and application of physio-chemical principles necessary for the design, development and preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Students will develop the basic skills and techniques necessary for the compounding of pharmaceutical delivery systems, the appropriate evaluation, documentation and labeling of prescriptions and the mathematical calculations essential to compounding. Lecture three hours per week, laboratory three hours per week. Co-requisite: PHRD 301 Pharmaceutical Calculations[ 4 credits ]

This is the first of a six-semester sequence designed to integrate material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice related topics. The goal is for students to develop the ability to apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. Emphasis is placed on the use of active learning strategies, case studies, role-plays and presentations in order to engage students in the learning process. Students are expected to synthesize information at increasing levels of complexity as they progress through the course sequence. Early introductory pharmacy practice experiences will also be incorporated into Pharmacist Care Lab I. Laboratory three hours per week. [ 2 credits ]

This course will provide students with a fundamental understanding of the structure, function and catabolism of biomolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Topics covered will include; bioenergetics and metabolism, genes and chromosomes, DNA and RNA metabolism, regulation of gene expression and recombinant DNA technology. Lecture four hours per week. [ 4 credits ]

This is the second of a six-semester sequence designed to integrate material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice related topics. The goal is for students to develop the ability to apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. Emphasis is placed on the use of active learning trategies, case studies, role-plays and presentations in order to engage students in the learning process. Students are expected to synthesize information at increasing levels of complexity as they progress through the course sequence. Early introductory pharmacy practice experiences will also be incorporated into Pharmacist Care Lab II. Laboratory three hours per week. Pre-requisite: PHRD 304 Pharmacist Care Lab I. Co-requisite: PHRD-413 and 414: Pharmacotherapeutics I and II. [ 2 credits ]

This course utilizes a small group, problem-based learning approach to teach students the interrelationship between and application of basic biomedical sciences principles to disease pathology, pharmacology, pharmacogenetics, and drug therapy. Students will be engaged in a workshop two hours per week and formative assessment one hour per week. [ 3 credits ]

This course is an introduction to the organization, function and regulation of the immune system including the basic properties of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, antigen and antibody structure and function, effector mechanisms, complement, major histocompatibility complexes, and cytotoxic responses. The role of these basic immunology principles in immuno deficiencies, auto-immune disorders, hypersensitivity reactions, immunity issues associated with transplantation, cancer and antibody based drug therapy will also be covered. Lecture three hours per week. Co-requisite: PHRD-413: Pharmacotherapeutics. [ 3 credits ]

This first public health course will introduce the socioeconomic, cultural, ethnic, geographic, and other variables which shape healthcare practice and perception. Students will become versed in common practices, myths, barriers, trends, resources, and care principles of diverse populations. An emphasis will be placed on the development of cultural competence such that students will be able to optimally work with diverse patient populations. Students will be required to participate in community based experiences that supports the course learning goals and objectives. Lecture three hours per week. [ 3 credits ]

This is the second of a two-semester course sequence designed to teach students the basic principles and application of physio-chemical principles necessary for the design, development and preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Students will develop the basic skills and techniques necessary for the compounding of pharmaceutical delivery systems, the appropriate evaluation, documentation, and labeling of prescriptions and the mathematical calculations essential to compounding. This course will build on the concepts introduced in Pharmaceutics I. Pre-requisite: PHRD 303 Pharmaceutics I. Lecture three hours per week, laboratory three hours per week. [ 4 credits ]

This course provides students with an understanding of financial and operations management as it relates to pharmacy practices in community, hospital and other practice settings. Topics such as inventory control, pricing, marketing, business plan development for new services, and management of innovative changes in pharmacy practice will be included. Lecture three hours per week. [ 3 credits ]

This course is the second part of a four-semester calculations series focusing on specific calculation skills that are important to practicing pharmacists. The  students will apply the basic concepts and calculation skills gained in Calculations I-Fundamentals. At the end of this course, students will be able to perform
case-based calculations through problem solving. Prerequisite: PHRD-321, Calculations I. [ 2 credits ]

This is the second of a two-semester Phamaceutics course sequence with an integrated laboratory component. This course will concentrate on physical, chemical and biological principles that govern the formulation, stability and delivery of various solids, semisolids, transdermal, deterogeneous liquid and aerosol dosage forms along with biologics and biotech products. In the laboratory setting, students will develop, evaluate, document and label various compounded products. At the end of this course, students will gain knowledge of various dosage forms and skills in compounding for optimal patient care.
Prerequisite: PHRD-323, Pharmaceutics I. Corequisite: PHRD-344L. [ 4 credits ]

This is the second of a two-semester Phamaceutics course sequence with an integrated laboratory component. This course will concentrate on physical, chemical and biological principles that govern the formulation, stability and delivery of various solids, semisolids, transdermal, deterogeneous liquid and aerosol dosage forms along with biologics and biotech products. In the laboratory setting, students will develop, evaluate, document and label various compounded products. At the end of this course, students will gain knowledge of various dosage forms and skills in compounding for optimal patient care.
Corequisite: PHRD-324, Pharmaceutics II. [ 0 credits ]

This course will provide students with a fundamental understanding of basic principles of biochemistry and pharmacology, such as nucleic acids, amino acids, and proteins followed by the pharmacology of enzyme binding, kinetics, and drug-receptor interations. This will guide students toward developing knowledge and skills for pharmacotherapeutic courses. Students will acquire such knowledge through lectures, in-class discussions, and active learning strategies. [ 4 credits ]

This course is an introduction to the organization, function and regulation of the immune system including the basic properties of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, antigen and antibody structure and function, effector mechanisms, complement, major histocompatibility complexes, and cytotoxic responses. The role of these basic immunology principles in immunodeficiencies, autoimmune disorders, hypersensitivity reactions, immunity issues associated with transplantation, cancer and antibody-based drug therapy will also be covered. [ 2 credits ]

This course introduces first-year pharmacy students to the fundamental connections between anatomy and physiology with pathophysiology. Students will practice applying their knowledge through case based discussions, fostering their critical thinking skills. Through lectures and interactive learning, students will gain a strong understanding of the human body systems, their functions, and disease states necessary for foundational use in the pharmacotherapeutics
series. Prerequisite: P1 standing. [ 3 credits ]

This lecture-based, clinical course is designed to introduce nonprescription therapies, clinical assessment, and triage skills. A structured approach to self-care will be taught using established clinical processes. Students will learn the basic mechanisms of action, uses, precautions, important drug interactions, and
adverse drug effects for commonly used nonprescription products and dietary supplements. This course will give students an understanding of how nonprescription and self-care products can be used safely and effectively and when a patient should be referred to other healthcare professionals. [ 3 credits ]

This is the first of a six-series course designed to develop the basic knowledge necessary for pharmacy practice with commonly used medications, medical terminology, and medical abbreviations and their clinical use. This course will explore the relationship between a medication's mechanisms of action and its indication, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), warnings, and precautions. Students will also develop study aids to help retain drug knowledge which they will need to provide medication education and counseling. At the end of this course, students will gain foundational knowledge and study techniques for commonly used medications. [ 1 credit ]

This course will introduce concepts required to understand drug-chemical structures, their biological activities, and their physicochemical properties. It builds on principles of pharmacology and introduces concepts related to medicinal chemistry, dose-response theory, structure-activity relationships, absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), homeostasis, and pharmacogenomics. By the end of this course, students will have gained the foundational knowledge necessary to understand drug action and their clinical applications. Prerequisite: PHRD-325, Principles of Biochemistry and Pharmacology. [ 3 credits ]

The Pharmacy Fundamental Series is designed to provide students with an in-depth look at the practice of pharmacy, roles and responsibilities of pharmacists, including non-traditional pharmacy roles, pharmacy operations and management, and leadership. This course series will be taught through the lens of fostering cultural humility to effectively serve diverse patient populations. This first course will provide an in-depth exploration of careers in pharmacy within the framework of a dynamic U.S. healthcare system. Through a blend of lectures, discussions, and case studies, students will gain insight into the diverse roles and responsibilities that pharmacists play to develop their professional identity. [ 2 credits ]

The Pharmacy Fundamentals Series is designed to provide students with an in-depth look at the practice of pharmacy and roles and responsibilities of pharmacists, including non-traditional pharmacy roles, pharmacy operations and management, and leadership. This course series will be taught through the lens of fostering cultural humility to effectively serve diverse patient populations. This course will provide an exploration into pharmacy business and operations management, examining the evolving role and complexity of the US Government and healthcare systems. It will examine pharmacists' impact on
care delivery, consering both public and private insurers. Additionally, the course will focus on personnel management, including performance evaluation,  hiring strategies, and employee retention. At the end of this course, students will develop a foundational business plan for the delivery of an innovated pharmacy practice model. [ 2 credits ]

This is the second of a six-semester sequence designed to integrade material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice-related topics. The goal is for students to apply information and practice skills for patient care, using the Pharmacist Patient Care Process (PPCP). Through active learning strategies, case discussions and simulations with stndardized patients, students will learn drug information research skills, immunization techniques required for certification, and how to assess and counsel patients at increasing levels of complexity throughout the course sequence. [ 1 credit ]

This is the second of a six-series course designed to develop the basic knowledge necessary for pharmacy practice with commonly used medications and their clinical use. This course will explore the relationship between mechanisms of action with a drug's indication, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and drug-specific warnings and precautions. Students will also develop study aids to help retain drug knowledge necessary to provide medication education and counseling. At the end of this course, students will have gained foundational knowledge and study techniques for commonly used medications. [ 1 credit ]

Biopharmaceutic and basic pharmacokinetic parameters such as absorption, istribution, metabolism and elimination, the relationship between drug concentration and clinical response, impact of patient characteristics and disease states on pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacokinetic variations across the lifespan will be discusssed. Students will learn how to calculate and interpret pharmacokinetic parameters, discuss and explain pharmacokinetic principles, asess factors that affect drug disposition,design and adjust drug dosage regimens, and predict and explain the mechanism(s) involved in drug interactions. Pre-requisite: P-2 standing. Lecture three hours per week. [ 3 credits ]

This course will introduce the study designs and biostatistics that are commonly used in clinical research. Emphasis will be placed on the evaluation of clinical studies for drug approvals in the U.S. and the application of different study designs in evidence-based clinical practice. Using the concepts of hypothesis testing, students will interpret the results of clinical trials to appropriate patient population(s). Ethical principles of clinical research and the role of institutional review boards will also be discussed. At the end of this course, students will competently evaluate a clinical trial for its therapeutic purpose and evidence for a given patient or population. Prerequisite: P2 standing. [ 3 credits ]

This is the third of a six-semester sequence is designed to integrate material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice related topics. The goal is for students to develop the ability to apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. Emphasis is placed on the use of active learning strategies, case studies, role-plays, and presentations in order to engage students in the learning process. Students are expected to synthesize information at increasing levels of complexity as they progress through the course sequence. Pre-requisite: PHRD 306 Pharmacist Care Lab II; co-requisite: PHRD-416, Pharmacotherapeutics III. [ 1 credit ]

This course provides an overview of gender-based medicine and implications of gender-based research on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions in women. In addition, health related issues that are unique to women including psychosocial issues that occur during the course of their lifespan will be discussed. Information in this course will supplement information taught in the Pharmacotherapeutics course sequence. Lecture two hours per week. [ 2 credits ]

This is the fourth of a six-semester sequence designed to integrate material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice related topics. The goal is for students to develop the ability to apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. Emphasis is placed on the use of active learning strategies, case studies, role-plays, and presentations in order to engage students in the learning process. Students are expected to synthesize information at increasing levels of complexity as tey progress through the course sequence. Pre-requisite PHRD 404 Pharmacist Care Lab III; co-requisites: PHRD-417, PHRD-418 and PHRD-419. Laboratory three hours per week. [ 1 credit ]

This is the first of a four-course sequence designed to introduce students to a variety of practice settings with particular emphasis on health system practice. The experiences are intended to increase in time and complexity as students progress through the curriculum. This course sequence supplements the introductory experiences that are embedded into Pharmaceutical Care Lab I & II and Care of Diverse Populations. Students will gain experiences with a variety of issues pertinent to health system practice. Communication skills along with the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to patient care will be emphasized throughout the sequence. In this first course, students will complete 125 hours, 80 hours of which will be full-time in a health system setting. Students will spend two weeks, full-time at the assigned practice site followed by 3 hours per week for 15 weeks. Pre-requisite: P-2 standing. [ 3 credits ]

This course is designed to provide students with an opportunity to reflect and discuss their health system experiences in the Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experiences I. Faculty will meet with students throughout the week to provide feedback and answer questions arising from their experiences. Students will reflect on key learning points through journal entries. Communication skills along with the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to patient care will be emphasized during discussions. Pre-requisite: P-2 standing. [ 0 credits ]

This is the first of a four-course sequence designed to introduce students to a variety of practice settings with particular emphasis on community practice. The experiences are intended to increase in time and complexity as students progress through the curriculum. This course sequence supplements the introductory experiences that are embedded into Pharmaceutical Care Lab I & II and Care of Diverse Populations. Students will gain experiences with a variety of issues pertinent to community practice. Communication skills along with the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to patient care will be emphasized throughout the sequence. In this first course, students will complete 125 hours, 80 hours of which will be full-time in a community setting. Students will spend two weeks, full-time at the assigned practice site followed by 3 hours per week for 15 weeks. Pre-requisite: P-2 standing. [ 3 credits ]

This course is designed to provide students with an opportunity to reflect and discuss their health system experiences in the Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experiences II. Faculty will meet with students throughout the week to provide feedback and answer questions arising from their experiences. Students will reflect on key learning points through journal entries. Communication skills along with the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to patient care will be emphasized during discussions. Pre-requisite: P-2 standing. [ 0 credits ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a 20year, team taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. In this third of twelve modules students will have the opportunity to learn, integrate and apply concepts from the four content areas in order to provide appropriate pharmaceutical management of fever, eye disorders, cought, cold, allergy and dermatologic disorders. Implications and application across the life span will be incorporated. Pre-requisites: PHRD 413, 414 Pharmacotherapeutics I and II; corequisite: PHRD-404, Pharmacist Care Lab III. [3 credits ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a 2-year, team-taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry and therapeutics. In this fourth of twelve modules, students will have the opportunity to learn, integrate and apply concepts from the four content areas in order to provide appropriate pharmaceutical management of fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. Implications and application across the life span will be incorporated. Pre-requisites: P-2 standing; PHRD 413, 414 Pharmacotherapeutics I and II; co-requisite: PHRD-406, Pharmacist Care Lab IV. [ 4 credits ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a team-taught series of courses, combining material from major content areas, including pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. In this Gastrointestinal (GI) Disorders Pharmacotherapeutics course, students will learn the pathophysiology and management of common gastrointestinal disorders, such as portal hypertension (HTN) cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, pancreatitis, gastroesophageal reflux disorder
(GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), nausea and vomiting. Through lectures, utilization of the pharmacist patient care process, and interactive case-based discussions, students will develop proficiency to appropriately manage patient care and medication treatment of GI disorders. Pre-requisite: P2 standing. [ 2 credits ]

This course is designed to provide an overview of nutritional concepts and use of parenteral and enteral nutrition as well as introduce students to complementary forms of medicine (herbal therapy, homeopathy, chiropractic, etc.). Cannabis, vitamins, probiotics, and weight loss products are covered in this course. Emphasis is placed on the student's ability to retrieve and evaluate these forms of complementary medicine with the intent of providing appropriate patient recommendations. Prerequisite: PHRD-401. [ 2 credits ]

The Pharmacy Fundamentals Series is designed to provide students with an in-depth look at the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists, including non-traditional pharmacy roles, pharmacy operations and management, and leadership. This course series will be taught through the lens of fostering cultural humility to effectively serve diverse patient populations. The purpose of this third course in the series is to equip student pharmacists with the essential leadership skills required to excel in the evolving landscape of pharmacy practice. Through interactive discussions, case studies, and self-reflection, 
student pharmacists will explore various leadership models with a particular focus on the integration of emotional intelligence into professional pharmacy practice. Utilizing effective communication, and self-awareness with team dynamics is essential for pharmacists as educators, clinicians, and integral members of interprofessional healthcare teams. Further emphasis is placed on the significance of political advocacy in shaping the future of the pharmacy profession. By the end of this course, student pharmacists will develop a dealership philosophy that is tailored to the pharmacy profession and have the foundational skills and confidence to thrive as leaders in the pharmacy community. Prerequisite: P2 standing. [ 2 credits ]

In this course, students will complete four full-time weeks (160) hours in a community pharmacy setting. This experience will prepare students for the Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences by introducing them to community pharmacy practice in which an emphasis will be placed on the drug distribution process, pharmacy management and operations, medication therapy management, and patient counseling. Professionalism, communication, and an
interprofessional approach to patient care will be emphasized during this experience. Prerequisite: P1 standing. [ 4 credits ]

In this course, students will complete four full-time weeks (160 hours) in a health-system setting. This experience will prepare students for the Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences by introducing them to health-system pharmacy practice in which an emphasis will be placed on the medication use process, pharmacy management and operations, medication reconciliation, and the Pharmacist's Patient Care Process. Professionalism, communication, and an
interprofessional approach to patient care will be emphasized during this experience. Prerequisite: P2 standing. [ 4 credits ]

This is the fifth of a six-semester sequence designed to integrate material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice related topics. The goal is for students to develop the ability to apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. Emphasis is placed on the use of active learning strategies, case studies, role-plays, and presentations in order to engage students in the learning process. Students are expected to synthesize information at increasing levels of complexity as they progress through the course sequence. Pre-requisite: PHRD 406 Pharmacist Care Lab IV; co-requisite: PHRD-513, PHRD-514 and PHRD-515. [ 1 credit ]

This course will focus on personnel management as it relates to pharmacy practice. Topics such as performance management, effective hiring and recruitment strategies, retaining, motivating, developing and rewarding of employees will be discussed. Information in this course will provide the necessary foundation for students to develop the supervisory skills needed for practice. Pre-requisite PHRD 312 Pharmacy Practice Management. [ 3 credits ]

This is the sixth of a six-semester sequence designed to integrate material from the curriculum and introduce selected practice related topics. The goal is for students to develop the ability to apply information as well as practice skills that are taught throughout the curriculum. Emphasis is placed on the use of active learning strategies, cae studies, role-plays, and presentations in order to engage students in the learning process. Students are expected to synthesize information at increasing levels of complexity as they progress through the course sequence. Pre-requisite: PHRD 504 Pharmacist Care Lab V; co-requisite: PHRD-516, PHRD-517 and PHRD-518. [ 1 credit ]

This is the second public health course which will build on the materials content from Care of Diverse Populations and early experiential activities. This course focuses on population based health care and the role of pharmacists in public health. The impact of health care disparities, generational differences and health promotion and prevention strategies on population based care will be discussed. Project and community based experiences will be utilized throughout the curriculum so that students can apply or further explore concepts discussed in this course. Pre-requisite: PHRD 310 Care of Diverse Populations. [ 3 credits ]

This course is designed to reach students how to identify, analyze and apply current evidence to clinical practice. Through case examples and drug information questions, students will find, analyze, and apply evidence to solve medication related problems. This course will build upon principles discussed in Clinical Research Design. Application and clinical use of biostatistics will be emphasized. Pre-requisite: PHRD 401 Clinical Research Design. [ 2 credits ]

This is the third of a four-course sequence designed to introduce students to a variety of practice settings and patient populations with particular emphasis on community, health system, and clinical pharmacy practice. The experiences are intended to increase in time and complexity as students progress through the curriculum. This course sequence supplements the introductory experiences that are embedded into Pharmacist Care Lab I & II. This service-learning course is designed to provide students with oppotunities to deliver pharmaceutical care to an ambulatory patient population on a continuing basis and to develop an understanding of patient-specific and social issues surrounding an individual or family's ability to be compliant with health-related experience as part of the professionalization process that inculcates the values and ethics of treating people as both humans and individuals. Students will be assigned to a patient or family for the duration of the semester. Each student will make arrangements to visit his/her assigned patient or family on a regular basis for at least one hour and will be required to attend weekly on-campus discussion groups. Students are required to write reflections of their patient experiences, document patient interactions through SOAP notes. This course will not only provide students with ann opportunity to apply didactic knowledge to real life patients, but will also meet the needs of individuals within the community. Pre-requisite: P-3 standing. Co-requisite: PHRD 507, Public Health. [ 1 credit ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a 2-year, team taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. In this eighth of twelve modules, students will have the opportunity to learn, integrate and apply concepts from the four content areas in order to provide appropriate pharmaceutical management of cardiovascular disorders. Implications and application across the life span wil be incorporated. Pre-requisites: P-2 standing; PHRD 413, 414 Pharmacotherapeutics I & II; co-requisite: PHRD-504, Pharmacist Care Lab V. [ 4 credits ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a 2-year, team taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. In this ninth of twelve modules, students will have the opportunity to learn, integrate and apply concepts from the four content areas in order to provide appropriate pharmaceutical management of renal disorders. Implications and application across the life span will be incorporated. Pre-requisites: P-2 standing; PHRD 413, 414 Pharmacotherapeutics I & II; co-requisite: PHRD-504, Pharmacist Care Lab V. [ 2 credits ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) us a 2-year, team taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. In this tenth of twelve modules, students will have the opportunity to learn, integrate and apply concepts from the four content areas in order to provide appropriate pharmaceutical management of renal disorders. Implications and application across the life span will be incorporated. Pre-requisites: P-2 standing: PHRD 413, 414 Pharmacotherapeutics I and II; co-requisite: PHRD-506, Pharmacist Care Lab VI. [ 2 credits ]

Pharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a 2-year, team taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. In this twelfth of twelve modules, students will have the opportunity to learn, integrate and apply concepts from the four content areas in order to provide appropriate pharmaceutical management of central nervous system disorders. Implications and application across the life span will be incorporated. Pre-requisites: P-2 standing; PHRD 413, 414 Pharmacotherapeutics I and II; co-requisite: PHRD-506, Pharmacist Care Lab VI. [ 4 credits ]

Oharmacotherapeutics (PT) is a 2-year, team taught, integrated course combining material from four major content areas: pathophysiology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and therapeutics. It is designed to provide students with the opportunity tolearn, integrate and apply concenpts from the four content areas in order to provide the necessary informtion for pharmacotherapy management of a variety of disease states. In this final PT module, students willmaster the necessary skills and knowledge for the pharmacotherapy mangement of complex patients with multiple disease states. Prerequisites: P-3 standing; Pharmacotherapeutics modules I-XII. [ 4 credits ]

This course will focus on the study of state and federal statues, regulations and court decisions which govern the practice of pharmacy and drug distribution. Civil liability and elements of business and contract law will also be addressed. Ethical issues in pharmacy practice facing health care providers, patients and society will also be discussed. Particular emphasis will be placed on examining the integration of pharmacy law and ethids when making patient care  decisions. [ 3 credits ]

Transfer courses allowed for health education elec elective requirement in PHARM program.

The History of Pharmacy and Drug Discovery is an elective course designed to provide the student with a general understanding of the development of the profession of pharmacy and its interrelationship with the discovery of critical therapeutic agents. This course will consider the contributions of the ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Chinese, Greek and Roman cultures to the development of Pharmacy. The student will also be exposed to events that lead to the rise of professional pharmacy in Europe during the Renaissance period. The course will focus on the development and rise of professional pharmacy within the United States from the 15th century to modern times. An important aspect of this course will be discussions concerning the development of critical therapeutic agents that revolutionized the treatment of disease and how these discoveries affected the pharmacy profession. Aspects of the scientific process and how it has contributed to these discoveries will also be discussed. [ 2 credits ]

Research shows that health education alone is not enough to motivate people to change health challenging behaviors. Health coaching addresses this need and moves people toward developing life unhancing behaviors. The purpose of this course is to explore evidenced-based models and structures used in health coaching. Students are introduced to the International Coach Federation's core competencies, ethics and scope of practice. In addition, this course addresses the Prochaska Change Model and Motivational Interviewing. Emphasis in this course will be placed on undersanding coaching skills and practicing these skills through peer coaching, coaching labs, and coaching observations. [ 2 credits ]

This elective course will provide students with an opportunity to develop an appreciation of the scientific methods through active participation in a research project. The focus of these discussions will be in the area of pharmaceutical sciences or clinical research, depending upon the expertise of the faculty member. The research project and activities will be decided upon jointly by the faculty member and the student.

Medical Spanish is a course designed to provide students, without prior knowledge of Spanish, function Spanish language skills that can be used in the pharmacy setting. Emphasis will be placed on development language skills that facilitate successful patient-pharmacist interactions such as, basic pharmacy terminology regarding the dosage and administration of medications, gathering patient health information, expressing privacy issues and assisting patients with nonprescription needs. Cross-cultural issues and their impact on patient counseling will be discussed. [ 3 credits ]

This course will provide students with an opportunity to develop an appreciation of the scientific method through active participation in a research project. The focus of these discussions will be in the area of pharmaceutical sciences or clinical research, depending upon the expertise of the faculty member. The research project and activities will be decided upon jointly by the faculty member and the student. [ 1 credit ]

This electic course will focus on the molecular mechanism of tumorogenesis of solid tumors, such as breast cancer and lung cancer. Specific topics will include: oncogenes, angiogenesis, metastasis and apoptosis. Novel therapeutic approaches including nonoclonal antiodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors and apoptosis inducers will also be explored, as well as the mechanism of action and potential use of complementary therapy such as natural products (ECGC, indole-3-carbinol, etc). [ 2 credits ]

This course will provide students with an opportunity to develop an appreciation of the scientific method through active participation in a reasearch project. The focus of these discussions will be in the area of pharmaceutical sciences or clinical research, depending uon the expertise of the faculty member. The research project and activities will be decided upon jointly by the faculty member and the student. [ 1 credit ]

This elective course will provide students with experience and knowledge in the medication use process by designing, conducting and completing a drug utilization evaluation (DUE) related to a medication or medication use process for improving patient outcomes. [ 1 credit ]

Principles for the effective development of formal presentations will be discussed and applied. Students will develop one podium, roundtable and poster presentations, and will submit one of the formats for presentation at a local, state or national professional organization conference. [ 1 credit ]

This course is an overview of the etilogy, epidemiology, and medications used against the most common tropical parasitic infections, according to guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (W.H.O.). The course will review the historical developments in medication therapy and the mechanisms of action of those agents used to treat such diseases. The course provides an opportunity for students to understand the global burden of tropical diseases and the need for awareness by the American pharmacist of their existence and general signs and symptoms. It will explore the research and development of new medications to treat tropical diseases and the concept of neglected diseases. [ 2 credits ]

The Pharmaceutical Sciences Research elective is designed to provide students with the opportunity to engage in and learn about the process of scientific investigation. Students will work one on one with an investigator on a specific research project, providing them with the opportunity to read, evaluate and discuss primary literature pertinent to a specific research project, learn basic laboratory skills and protocols directed at addressing a specific research  hypotheses/question and demonstrate their knowledge of background information about their project, data collected (if applicable) and the analysis of that data in both a written and oral format. The project is based on development of stability-indicating assay, content analysis, accelerated stability testing and formulation development of nutritional supplements. The students engaged in the project will work with various aspects of pharmaceutics include HPLC analytical method development and validation, forced degradation studies, isolation of compounds from raw materials, dissolution, disintegration, stability studies and various novel drug delivery strategies for improving bioavailability. (Variable 1 - 2 credits)

This course provides an overview of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulatory pathways for drug, biologics and medical devices. It also defines good laboratory, clinical and manufacturing practices. Additionally, it provides an overview of other products regulations such as cosmetics, veterinary, and food products. [ 3 credits ]

The Pharmaceutical Sciences Research elective is designed to provide students with the opportunity to engage in and learn about the process of scientific investigation. Students will work one-on-one with an investigator on a specific research project, providing them with the opportunity to read, evaluate and discuss primary literature pertinent to a specific research project, learn basic laboratory skills and protocols directed at addressing a specific research  hypothesis/question and demonstrate their knowledge of background information about their project, data collected (if applicable) and the analysis of that  data in both a written and oral format. [ 2 credits ]

The Pharmaceutical Sciences Research elective is designed to provide students with the opportunity to engage in and learn about the process of scientific investigation. Students will work one on one with an investigator on a specific research project, providing them with the opportunity to read, evaluate and  discuss primary literature pertinent to a specific research project, learn basic laboratory skills and protocols directed at addressing a specific research hypothesis/question and demonstrate their knowledge of background information about their project, data collected (if applicable) and the analysis of that data in both a written and oral format. The project is based on development of nutritionalo supplements. The students engaged in the project will work with
various aspects of pharmaceutics include HPLC analytical method development and validation, forced degradation studies, isolation of compounds
from raw materials, dissolution, disintegration, stability studies and various novel drug deliverystrategies for improving bioavailability. (Variable 1 - 2 credits)

This course is designed to promote understanding of the importance of teamwork in the provision of patient care. The course will provide pharmacy, nursing, and medical students an overview of a multitude of health care professions while teaching them to perform as a team. Seminar topics include a comparison of the similarities and differences in nursing, pharmacy and medical education, as well as the importance of interprofessional practice. Students will learn about the distinct roles of nurses, pharmacists, doctors, and other professional members of the health care team. The students will learn to appreciate how these roles contribute to delivery of care through a variety of learning modalities, including discussions, role play, and case studies within the classroom. Nursing, pharmacy, and medical students will be required to visit a patient in the community as a member of an interprofessional team. [ 2 credits ]

The Pharmaceutical Sciences Research elective is designed to provide students with the opportunity to engage in and learn about the process of scientific investigation. Students will work one on one with an investigator on a specific research project, providing them with the opportunity to read, evaluate and discuss primary literature pertinent to a specific research project, learn basic laboratory skills and protocols directed at addressing a specific research  hypothesis/question and demonstrate their knowledge of background information about their project, data collected (if applicable) and the analysis of that data in both a written and oral format. The project is based on development of nutritionalo supplements. The students engaged in the project will work with
various aspects of pharmaceutics include HPLC analytical method development and validation, forced degradation studies, isolation of compounds from raw materials, dissolution, disintegration, stability studies and various novel drug delivery strategies for improving bioavailability. (Variable 1 - 2 credits)

The Pharmaceutical Sciences Research elective is designed to provide students with the opportunity to engage in and learn about the process of scientific investigation. Students will work one on one with an investigator on a specific research project, providing them with the opportunity to read, evaluate and discuss primary literature pertinent to a specific research project, learn basic laboratory skills and protocols directed at addressing a specific research hypothesis/question and demonstrate their knowledge of background information about their project, data collected (if applicable) and the analysis of that data in both a written and oral format. [ 2 credits ]

This course is designed to provide intermediate to advanced professional Spanish communication skills for the pharmacist. As a continuation of the introductory course, it will provide students with more in-depth study of Spanish grammar and adding more vocabulary related to various health related themes. [ 3 credits ]

This course is a skills-based program for pharmacy students that incorporate instruction in foundational strategies for improving study skills, time management, and test performance. [ 3 credits ]

This course will familiarize students with a major specialty within pharmacy--health-system pharmacy. The course will review its composition and those elements that are similar to or dissimilar to other pharmacy practice specialities. Students will learn about the background and substance of the issues that surround health-system pharmacy and conventional or unconventional approaches to improve, mitigate, or resolve them. Areas covered will include the organization of institutional and departmental entities, organizational culture, medication use safety, communications, drug distribution, ambulatory care, clinical practice, automation/technology, leadership/management, and quality of services, all within the framework of institutional practice. Didactic and workshop/case study experiences; site visits to explore systems, technology, and medication/patient safety initiatives. [ 2 credits ]

This course will explore the science behind drug abuse and addiction and neurobiology of addiction. The behavioral and neurobiological mechanism of action for major classes of drugs of abuse, which include: opiates, sedative - hypnotics (alcohol, barbituates, chloral hydrate), anxiolytics (benzodiazepines), psychostimulants (amphetamine, cocaine), marijuana, nicotine and caffeine will also be explored. In addition, this course will expose students to the harmful consequences of drug use, specifically the physiological, psychological, social, and economical impact of drug use. [ 2 credits ]

This elective course focuses on the unique considerations for a clinical pharmacist caring for critically ill patients and prepares the student to understand the critical differences in pharmacokinetics, physiology and pharmacotherapy in such patients. This elective will incorporate a broad range of topics previously introduced during various Pharmacotherapeutics modules. Instructors will engage the students eac week in both didactic and case-based learning in order to expose the students to the topics and disease states they encounter on a daily basis in intensive care units. Students will also have the opportunity to enhance their understanding through background readings, evaluation and discussion of primary literature and integration of SimMan technology into the course. Students will rotate through leading an online discussion forum on one landmark critical care trial. Twice during the semester, students will be required to submit a full SOAP note reflecting cumulative knowledge gained in the course to that point by the end of the course, students should be well-versed in the fundamental knowledge needed to prepare and monitor patient-specific pharmocotherapy plans in a variety of critical care setting. [ 2 credits ]

As a health care professional, the community pharmacist is expected within his/her own practice, professiona and community at large to provide and/or develop pharmacy services. This course is designed to be a sequence to PHRD 312 Pharmacy Practice Management, a general pharmacy management course. The course will concentrate specifically on advanced pharmacy services, reimbursement models, and the unique challenges of developing a service and providing patient care in a community pharmacy setting. Students will complete the American Pharmacists Association (APhA) Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Certificate Program and receive a certificate at the end of the course. Successful completion of the certificate program will require a direct patient care component. The course may have guest speakers and include outside class assignments, interviews, and tours of different community pharmacies as well as discussions surrounding reimbursement, practicality and feasibility of services within the workflow of the pharmacy dependent on the type of setting resources. [ 2 credits ]

This course serves as an introductory course to provide information, motivation and guidance for pharmacists or student pharmacists who currently participate in or wish to become involved in the planning,implementation, or strengthening of state-level and campus-level programs; to help and assist pharmacists or student pharmacists whose competence to perform their responsibilities has become impaired due to alcoholism or other drug dependencies by assisting them in finding treatment, ongoing recovery and reentry into the practice of pharmacy or their pharmacy education; and to better prepare attendees to provide appropriate assistance and support to clients affected by alcoholism and other drug dependencies. [ 2 credits ]

This course is an overview of concepts involved in sport and exercise medicine. It will focus on the nutritional and pharmacological elements involved in the practice of sports at diverse levels, such as personal fitness, weight-loss, and drug use and abuse at the highly competitive Olympic and professional sports. Students will discuss the integration of sports care into their practice as pharmacists and be encouraged to be proactive in preventing drug abuse and promoting proper use of nutritional supplements. Prerequisites: PHRD-413 and PHRD-414. [ 2 credits ]

The purpose of this course is to provide a foundation of financial management concepts. The focus will be on fundamental concepts of accounting and finance, and financial tools that can be used in investment and financial decision making. The concept of venture capital and approaches to obtaining financial support for new initiatives, with a particular emphasis in health care, will be covered. [ 3 credits ]

As a member of the healthcare team, pharmacists need to be able to identify and implement solutions and new initiatives to address healthcare needs. This course will introduce students to the characteristics of entrepreneurs, process of evaluating potential business opportunities, techniques for recognizing business and investment opportunities, and the Lean Start-UP model for entrepreneurship. [ 3 credits ]

This course is designbed to help students discover and articulate their state of wellness, roles and responsibilities, relationships with others, goals and ambitions, and hidden potentials for both personal and professional journey. Students will learn how to objectively assess, reflect, share, and write about a variety of topics affecting their wellness and performance. Students will discover their strengths and areas of improvement within the context of their roles and
responsibilities, learn to manage internal and external stresses, and develop strategies to balance personal and professional goals. [ 1 credit ]

This course will explore experimental pharmacology procedures through the lens of computer-assisted learning. The course is aimed to provide hands-on experience and instruction in simulating animal experiments using "Experimental Pharmacology Series Software" which comprises of interactive digital tools, such as simulations, virtual experiments, and computerized quizzes. Examples include simulating the effects of drugs on different biological systems, allowing students to explore the mechanisms of action of different drugs in a safe and controlled biological systems, allowing students to explore the mechanisms of action of different drugs in a safe and controlled environment. It can also be used to teach practical skills, such as how to administer drugs to animals and how to collect and analyze pharmacological data. Overall, by the end of this course, students gain a better understanding of pharmacological concepts, principles, experimental procedures, applications and data analysis. [ 2 credits ]

This course provides students the opportunity to explore topics related to safe, timely, efficient, effective, and patient-centered medication-use systems. Through an interprofessional context, students will explore medication safety issues as they relate to the health care system, evidence-based practice, quality and performance improvement, health information, and ultimately, health equity. Students will use an interprofessional framework to examine and apply
systems thinking, human factors engineering principles, and high-reliability principles to medication safety problems. By sharing experiences with other professions, students will learn to better communicate and make team-based decisions for optimal patient care and medication safety. Prerequisite: P2 standing. [ 1 credit ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. This rotation is a structured, full-time, 5-week patient care experience in ambulatory care. It is designed to provide the student with the opportunity to develop and refine the skills necessary to deliver pharmaceutical care, with an emphasis on rational drug therapy and outcomes, to an ambulatory care patient population. Students will apply their didactic knowledge to various therapeutic issues and disease states encountered in clinical practice. Emphasis will be placed on problem-solving, critical thinking, and basic clinical skills such as patient counseling, obtaining medication histories, drug information retrieval and evaluation, and drug therapy monitoring. Interaction and communication with other health care professionals for the promotion of optimal drug therapy are stressed to help the student develop a sound professional approach to the practice to pharmacy. In addition, students are encouraged to boraden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into this rotation. [ 5 credits ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. This rotation is a structured, full-time 5-week patient care experience in adult internal medicine in an institutional acute care setting. It is designed to provide the student with the opportunity to develop and refine the skills necessary to deliver pharmaceutical care, with an emphasis on rational drug therapy and patient outcomes, to an inpatient population. This will be accomplished by participation in the daily activities of work rounds with the internal medicine team and through consultation with other health care providers involved in the care of patients. Students will apply their didactic knowledge to various therapeutic issues and disease states encountered in clinical practice. Interaction and communication with other health care professionals for the promotion of optimal drug therapy are stressed to help the student develop a sound professional approach to the practice of pharmacy. In addition, students are encouraged to broaden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into this rotation. [5 credits ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. This rotation is a structured, full-time, 5-week pharmacy practice experience in health-system pharmacy. It is designed to provide the student with the opportunity to develop understanding and competence within all aspects of health-system pharmacy. The students will accomplish this through participation in a hospital pharmacy department which provides a variety of services that may include, but not limited to, medication reconciliation, therapeutic pathways, antibiotic surveillance, patient counseling, pharmacokinetic monitoring, parenteral nutrition consults, and interdisciplinary education sessions. The student will also gain experience in managing the procurement, ordering, dispensing, monitoring, and administration of medication products. Students will learn administrative skills through activities such as management of technical staff and supportive personnel, compliance with relevant laws and standards, financial analysis, and health-system policy and procedures. In addition, students are encouraged to broaden their health-system policy and procedures. In addition, students are encouraged to broaden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into this rotation. [ 5 credits ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. This rotation is a structured, full-time, 5-week patient care experience in community practice. It is designed to provide the student with the opportunity to develop and refine the skills necessary to deliver pharmaceutical care, with an emphasis on rational drug therapy and outcomes. Students will apply their didactic knowledge to various therapeutic issues and disease states encountered in clinical practice. Emphasis will be placed on problem-solving, critical thinking, patient counseling, application of clinical skills, and providing medication therapy management services to patients whenever possible. Opportunities for further development in the use of OTC, alternative therapies, and home diagnostic tests and monitoring systems and durable medical equipment will be provided. Issues related to reimbursement by third parties will be discussed. Skill development in the dispensing process, extemporaneous compounding (depending on the site) is an additional facet of the rotation. In addition, students are encouraged to broaden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into this rotation. [ 5 credits ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. Each elective advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) site will provide opportunities for students to develop the advanced pharmacy practice experience program outcomes in areas such as, but not limited to, community, health-system, clinical industry, and administrative pharmacy practice. These experiences will further develop a student's knowledge and skills in the areas of their practice choice. Interaction with other health care professionals, professionalism, and strong communication skills is strongly emphasized. Students are encouraged to broaden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into these rotations. [ 5 credits ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. Each elective advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) site will provide opportunities for students to develop the advanced pharmacy practice experience program outcomes in areas such as, but not limited to, community, health-system, clinical industry, and administrative pharmacy practice. These experiences will further develop a student's knowledge and skills in the areas of their practice choice. Interaction with other health care professionals, professionalism, and strong communication skills is strongly emphasized. Students are encouraged to broaden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into these rotations. [ 5 credits ]

Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE): Students must successfully complete all didactic coursework and IPPE prior to participation in APPE. Each elective advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) site will provide opportunities for students to develop the advanced pharmacy practice experience program outcomes in areas such as, but not limited to, community, health-system, clinical industry, and administrative pharmacy practice. These experiences will further develop a student's knowledge and skills in the areas of their practice choice. Interaction with other health care professionals, professionalism, and strong communication skills is strongly emphasized. Students are encouraged to broaden their existing competencies and incorporate their professional and personal goals into these rotations. [ 5 credits ]

This one-week capstone experience will be completed after successful completion of PHRD 700 through PHRD 706. This course will integrate campus-based patient care discussions, project poster sessions and community-based health promotion and prevention activities. These activities will be developed and led by students undr the direct supervision of a faculty member. Pre-requisites: PHRD 700 through PHRD 706. [ 1 credit ]

Each advanced pharmy practice experience (APPE) site will provide opportunities for students to reinforce and further develop the advanced pharmacy practice experience program outcomes in areas such as, but no limited to, community, ambulatory, and acute care pharmacy practice. These experiences will reinforce a student's knowledge and skills in these areas of practice. Interaction with other health care professionals, professionalism, and strong communication and clinical skills are strongly emphasized. Enrollment in these experiences is determined by the Office of the Dean. Prerequisites: PHRD 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707. [ 5 credits ]

Each advanced pharmy practice experience (APPE) site will provide opportunities for students to reinforce and further develop the advanced pharmacy practice experience program outcomes in areas such as, but no limited to, community, ambulatory, and acute care pharmacy practice. These experiences will reinforce a student's knowledge and skills in these areas of practice. Interaction with other health care professionals, professionalism, and strong communication and clinical skills are strongly emphasized. Enrollment in these experiences is determined by the Office of the Dean. Prerequisites: PHRD 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707. [ 5 credits ]

The purpose of this required course is to provide an electronic format where students can develop and achieve careet goals through engagement and reflection on educational experiences, ultimately demonstrating professional growth and achievement of learning outcomes over time. Faculty advisor swill guide students in the process of developing their e-portfolio as a means of cultivating student self-awareness, leadership skills, creative thinking and planning, and professionalism. [ 0.5 credits per semester ] Pharmacy students will register for this course every fall and spring semesters P1 through P4 years, beginning FA15.