Philosophy

Philosophy Department

Evelyn Spratt, Ph.D., Interim Dean, School of Arts, Sciences and Business
Nicole Dular, Ph.D.
Jina Fast, Ph.D.

Campuses

Main Campus

Summary

The Philosophy Department of the College of Arts, Sciences, and Business offers a Major and Minor in Philosophy to traditional undergraduate students, and a Minor to students in the College of Adult Undergraduate Studies.

Traditional Undergraduate and College of Adult Undergraduate Studies

Philosophy, the oldest of the liberal arts, rests on Socrates' views that "all philosophy begins in wonder" and "the unexamined life is not worth living." Socrates promoted the practical uses of philosophy in everyday life, and encouraged dialogue and vigorous debate as the most effective ways of discerning truth. In this Socratic spirit, the Philosophy Department seeks to: assist students in acquiring a fundamental and realistic understanding of self and world; acquaint students with the thinking of philosophers whose ideas have most influenced the development of our culture; and, engender in students those habits of critical and systematic thinking necessary for a coherent and ethical perspective on the world, while also nurturing their passion for social justice and equity.

Philosophical study prepares students for success in a variety of fields in academia as well as in the private and public sectors through developing and honing skills of clear and analytical thinking, problem-solving, and effective reasoning. Some program majors and minors have attended graduate schools, including the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Yale School of Divinity, American University, University of Chicago, University of Maryland School of Law, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, and University of Wales Trinity Saint David. Others have accepted positions in the fields of education, business, law, politics, and medicine.

Home to NDMU's Ethics Bowl Team and the Phi Sigma Tau chapter of the national philosophy honor society for students who meet the membership requirements, the Department requires a senior thesis as a capstone project for its majors. Under the advisement of a faculty member, the student chooses a philosophical subject of interest to explore in greater depth while demonstrating the skills learned over the four-year course of study. Students must earn a minimum cumulative grade point average of at least 2.0 in all courses taken to complete the requirements of the Philosophy Major.

The following Empower and Engage General Education requirements may be met by the Philosophy courses listed:
Thinking Critically and Analytically: PHL-201
Pursuing Meaning, Purpose and Well Being: PHL-220, PHL-316, PHL-339
Understanding and Valuing Diverse Identities and Perspectives: PHL-230, PHL-324
Becoming an Engaged Citizen: PHL-210

Degrees and Certificates

Courses

PHL-103: Critical Thinking

Credits 3.00
Examines the basic topics and builds the basic skills of proper reasoning, informal logic, and rational argumentation. Skills promoted include identifying arguments, extracting arguments, assessing arguments, and building rationally persuasive arguments. Topics covered include fallacies, major valid argument forms, and basic argument types such as informal arguments, and analogical arguments. Fulfills general education requirement for Thinking Critically and Analytically. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-201: Introduction to Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Explores some of the major issues that have intrigued reflective people from time immemorial: How do we know? What is human nature? Is there life after death? Where did the universe originate? We will evaluate replies suggested from the time of Plato to the 20th century. Fulfills general education requirement for Pursuing Meaning and Purpose. [ 3 credits ] Does not fulfill the general education requirement for 200+level religious studies or philosophy course.

PHL-210: Ethics Bowl: Foundations and Practice

Credits 3.00
Explores contemporary ethical issues and the philosophical concepts that can be used to make progress toward solutions. Students examine novel cases published by the Association for Practical and Professional Ethics for the annual Intercollegiate Ethics Bowl, and prepare to compete at the regional bowl through research and mock competitions. Fulfills general education requirement in Engaged Citizenship. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-220: The Well Examined Life: Finding Meaning and Value Through Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Explores both Western and Eastern philosophical traditions from the time of Confucius and the Ancient Greeks to the 21st century as students evaluate contemporary moral issues through the lenses of these traditions and their own personal values Students will examine contemporary moral issues and the methods of philosophic thought that can provide some typical solutions to the issues, and will discover the place and influence of philosophy in life today as they increase their ethical awareness and identify their own beliefs and values. Fulfills general education reqirement in Pursuing Meaning and Purpose. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-225: Extraordinary Bodies and Minds: Philosophical Perspectives on Disability

Credits 3.00
Investigates philosophical issues raised by disability regarding human embodiment, well-being, dignity, respect, justice, equality, and personal and social identity. This course will also explore how disability raises pressing practical questions for policies in education, health sciences, reproductive sciences, and technology as well as controversial questions about the scope and direction of human and civil rights movements. Other areas to be considered include: social versus medical models of disability; definitions of impairment and disability; and disability as an identity that interacts and intersects with other identities and systems. Satisfies the general education requirement for Impact of Diversity. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-302: Philosophy of Human Nature

Credits 3.00
Explores the meaning and nature of human existence. Investigates both classic and contemporary answers to the following questions: Is the person a body or a mind? Are we free or determined? What grounds do we have for belief in God? On what principles do we judge things right or wrong? Why should citizens obey the law? What things do we call art? When can I say "I know"? What is the meaning of life? Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/400-level course. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-305: Philosophy of Religion

Credits 3.00
Explores, examines, and analyzes philosophical inquiry by major thinkers on issues that fall under the area of study known as the philosophy of religion, such as: the attributes and xistence of God, the problem of evil, the nature of miracles, death and immortality, and others. Specific attention will be given to the definitions, concepts, and theories that surround these questions and issues, and how understandings may be depending upon the time period and the faith-based foundation upon which philosophical inquiry has been made. Prerequisites: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/400-level course. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-310: Logic

Credits 3.00
This course will address topics in both informal and formal logic, with an emphasis on formal logic. Topics covered will include argument identification and structure, the translation of English statements into propositional form, the use of truth tables, and natural deduction in propositional logic. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/400-level philosophy. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-312: History of Ancient and Medieval Western Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Explores the major philosophical thinkers and movements in Western philosophy from the pre-Socratics to the works of Socrates. Plato and Aristotle as well as the major philosophical thinkers and movements in Western philosophy from St. Augustine in the fifth century to responses to Thomas Aquinas in the 14th and 15th centuries. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/500 level course. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-313: History of Modern and Contemporary Western Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Explores Western philosophic thought from the 17th and 19th centuries through the works of select Continental Rationalists and British Empiricists with a special emphasis on metaphysical and epistemological views. Considers questions (and answers) that dominate 19th and 20th century Western philosophy. Investigates the origins and themes of American pragmatism, Anglo-American philosophy of language, existential-phenomenology, critical theory and postmodernism. Offers an opportunity to make sense of emerging issues and debates in 21st century philosophy.Prerequites: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/400-level philosophy course. [ 3 credits ] \

PHL-315: Philosophy of Sexuality

Credits 3.00
Employs a philosophical approach in the study of human sexuality. Specific topics include questions related to sexual orientation, lust, casual sex, adultery, love, sexual practices, relationships, and the intersectionality of sexual identity with other identities such as race and gender. As we consider these questions, we will challenge assumptions regarding human sexuality, consider the importance of sexuality to a good life, and discuss the appropriate role of the state in human secual behavior. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/400-level philosophy course and Impact of Diversity. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-316: Philosophy of Education

Credits 3.00
Explores philosophical principles underlying formal education as well as the principles, values, and assumptions underlying the process of learning. Examines contemporary methods of practicing and assessing philosophy in schools. Engages with philosophical texts from ancient philosophy through contemporary scholarship to address questions such as: What does it mean to learn? How can teaching be an ethical practice? How might schooling be critiqued through a philosophical lens? Prerequisite: PHL-201. Fulfills General Education Requirement for 300-400 level Philosophy course and general education requirement for Pusuing Meaning and Purpose. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-321: Epistemology: Knowledge & Ignorance

Credits 3.00
Analyzes the nature and scope of human knowledge. Focuses on the ways in which knowing, believing and having an opinion differ, and investigates the limitations of reason and the boundaries of human understanding. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirement for 300/400-level course. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-322: Social and Political Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Examines the origins and justifications of various social and political systems from ancient through contemporary times. Topics addressed may include: The moral justification of particular forms of government, the definition of community and the relationship of the individual to the community, and the importance of race and gender in society. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level course and values. [3 credits]

PHL-323: Feminist Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Investigates the meaning and significance of lived, bodily experience in the formation of human consciousness. Evaluates the history of Western Philosophy from the perspective of those who were once seen as marginal to it, and in doing so elucidates the many debates within Feminist Philosophy about the nature and limits of the philosophical enterprise. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level course, gender and diversity. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-324: Philosophy of Race

Credits 3.00
Examines the concept of race and the phenomenon of racism. Differentiates between individual racism and institutional racism, with a strong focus on the latter. Topics addressed may include: the concept of race as both constructed and real, the politics of racialized identity, epistemologies of ignorance, the persistence of racial inequality, reparations, and the intersection of race with gender, class and sexuality. The corse is heavily interdisciplinary, drawing from history, sociology, gender studies, comparative literature, African-American studies, and Hispanic/Latino studies. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level course and general education requirement for Understanding and Valuing Diverse Identities and Perspectives. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-330: Ethics

Credits 3.00
Introduces contemporary moral issues in light of systems suggested by major thinkers such as Aristotle, J. S. Mill and Kant. Includes considerations of topics such as abortion, euthanasia, cloning and capital punishment. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level, values and Pursuing meaning and purpose. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-334: Business Ethics

Credits 3.00
Discusses ethics as a dimension of social responsibility, the role of corporate culture in business, and emerging issues in business ethics, such as the ways in which differences will affect ethical decision making. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level course and values. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-336: Environmental Ethics

Credits 3.00
Addresses a variety of challenging issues in environmental ethics. Topics considered may include, among others: the status of non-human animals, farming and the environment, global climate change, inter-generational justice, issues of land use, the preservation of forests and wilderness, and the use and development of energy resources. Through an examination of some of these issues, the course also introduces students to a variety of moral theories, from both philosophical and religious perspectives. The social, gender, and environmental justice implications of ecological issues are a major concern of the course. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level PHL and values. Crosslisted with ENV 336. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-339: Medical Ethics

Credits 3.00
Explores the study of moral problems in medical practice and health care delivery while providing an historical overview of the field of medical ethics. Against the background of traditional ethical theories, students will critically explore, examine, analyze, and engage in the study of issues that arise in medical ethics. Specific attention will be given to examining the major areas of discussion and debate within the realm of medical ethics and social justice/responsibility such as paternalism and patient autonomy, disparities in health care, and issues of life and dealth, and, through critical analysis and applied ethical theory, to the critical oral and written evaluation of case studies specific to these issues. Prerequisite: PHL-201. Fulfills general education requirements for 300/400-level course and values and general education requirements for Pursuing Meaning and Purpose. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-411: Philosophy Senior Thesis

Credits 3.00
Designs a research project culminating in a thesis on a philosophical issue. At the end of the semester, the student will give an oral presentation of the thesis to department faculty, students, and invited guests. Prerequisite: philosophy major with senior status, or philosophy major with junior status and at least seven philosophy courses completed, or permission. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-422: Major Themes in Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Provides an in-depth exploration of a major theme, concept, framework, or idea central to the discipline of philosophy. May be taken twice on different themes. Past themes include: Philosophy of Mind & Disability, Virtue Theory & Anti-Theory. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. Fulfills general education requirement for cross-cultural studies ONLY WHEN THEME IS Islamic philosophy. [3 credits]

PHL-424: Major Figures in Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Provides an in-depth exploration of a major figure or group of figures, either historical or contemporary, central to the discipline of philosophy. Past themes include: Islamic Philosophy, Immanuel Kant, Simone de Beauvoir. May be taken twice on different figures. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course. [3 credits]

PHL-463: Independent Study

Credits 3.00
Provides an opportunity for independent work on an approved topic in philosophy. Prerequisite: 200-level philosophy course; one 300-level course; and permission of instructor. [ 3 credits ]

PHL-465: Directed Readings in Philosophy

Credits 3.00
Provides an opportunity to explore an area of the student's particular interest under the guidance of a member of the department to permit intensive examination of the area of special interest. Prerequisite: one 200-level philosophy course; one 300-level philosophy course; permission of the instructor. [ 3 credits ]